And God Settled in the Neighborhood: ExVotos in Popular Religiosity as Testimony of the Experience of the Sacred in Everyday Life
For the popular sectors, Religion is something of daily life. It has to do with the support that is required in the material sphere for subsistence in this immanent reality. Thus, the ends pursued within the popular religious expressions are located in the tangible reality that demands immediate and continuous satisfaction of the most basic needs. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the popular practices extolled through the ex-votos that are not necessarily framed within the margin of a ritual and disciplines of the ecclesiastical body, but are open to the immense vastness of possibilities forged in the daily life and its implicit harshness, as well as the solutions to daily problems understood from a marginal sacredness that does not require official approval to consider that the Sacred touches him raw from his unique existential situation
Copyright (c) 2023 Universidad Intercontinental https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Colors of Faith: Spirituality and Senses in Indigenous Rituals
About Religious festival and popular devotion. The Ixtlahuaca-Altlacomulco valley, during the 19th century
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Sacred spaces: Shrines, Chaples, Temples. In the Province of Chimborazo, Ecuador
The article brings us closer to the reality of sacred spaces to the extent that an irruption of the sacred has taken place in them, a hierophany. It is necessary to go frequently to those places to keep a relationship with the deities manifested there alive and effective so that, in the same way, the benefits redound to the good of the community; but, likewise, they are places that, from profane, have become sacred through a process of sacralization based on rites that separate that special place from others that do not contain the virtues needed to obtain the “graces” of the divinities for agricultural or livestock reproduction necessary for life. These imaginary conditions of reproduction are cyclically renewed in these spaces through different activities, all of them religious: festivals, pilgrimages, prayers.
Verstehen and Erklären: Hermeneutics in the Social Sciences
The development of Western scientific thought is based on a powerful apparatus of paradigms capable of describing the world and operating methodological strategies to investigate it. Among them, two forms stand out that have had an impact on the development of the social sciences: Erklären, as an expression of structured thought, which is a deductive and inductive way of approaching scientific research; Verstehen, as an expression of the interpretive and comprehensive modes that have given rise to both qualitative methodologies as well as approaches to the hermeneutic horizon. The study of both paradigms makes it possible to attend to the differences between the great currents of sociology and, in addition, unravels again the center of the discussions on the method in the social sciences.
Es licenciada en Comercio Internacional por el Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, campus Ciudad de México, ITESM y maestra en Mercadotecnia Internacional por London Metropolitan University. Es mercadóloga, mamá de tiempo completo de tres pequeños y tiene un Posgrado en Negocios Internacionales por London School of Economics. Actualmente, continua sus estudios en el campo de la Neurociencia en la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona y en Filosofía con la Maestría en Filosofía y Crítica de la Cultura impartida por la Universidad Intercontinental, UIC.
Barbarism, Capitalism and the Life of the Native People as a Possibility of Humanism
It is inevitable to recognize the constant renewal of the idea of progress that rests on our way of living in the current era. Undoubtedly, this idea, and the human effort to achieve its realization, have come to modify the ways of life that we experience. Progress and its transformations have been entrenched, and supposedly favored, within a particular political system: capitalism. The idea of unlimited progress blends in with the current political system, and works for the purposes of the globalizing ideology. Capitalism and globalization, since its appearance as a political possibility, offered humanity a free, advanced, humane, and democratic scenario of life. It has been these aspirations that have motivated human beings to choose the political system of capitalism. However, such promises emanating from this political system have been disrupted, alienated, and manipulated to favor minority sectors of the world population. In just a couple of centuries, the capitalist system abandoned its promises and led humanity to violent forms of government, to corrupt practices, to notorious inequalities that resulted in marginalization for the various forms of life of the population, converted to forms of reproduction of life (such as the industry focused on mere existence) that abandoned the purpose of freedom, abandoning the idea of democracy and participation, exchanging it for a representative democracy with oligarchic characteristics, but above all truncating the realization of a lifelong humanist construction (as a way of life) that involves each of the citizens attached to a nation with a capitalist and globalizing operation. Given the described panorama recent studies of the ways of life of the original peoples appear, which have been marginalized to the point of trying to achieve their disappearance, with the purpose of inserting their inhabitants into a global system. However, the progress that has been made in the studies of the ways of life of the original people has led us to conceive them as a resistance, and within their organizations lifelong characteristics have been recognized that help us think about a humanist practice and biased democracy as an alternative to the imbalance and barbarism that leads us to experience the capitalist economic-political system.
Xenophobia and moral barbarism in Mexico. Proposal for interculturality in the democratic educational framework of Pérez Tapias
This essay has the purpose of making visible the problem of xenophobia in Mexico. A problem that goes unnoticed as it is a country that has been characterized by its strong humanitarian values. Xenophobia with its multiple variables is a sociocultural phenomenon that persists in a way that adapts to historical contexts as they pass. Today its study is of great importance due to the strong intercultural link and globalization that allows us to connect with all parts of the world, providing us with enormous benefits, but with constant dangers for the most vulnerable. For this situation we propose the ideas of Perez Tapias for a sustained transcultural coexistence in democratized education and homo moralis.
The Diet of Interculturity and Transculturality: A Different Way
Talking about diet will not always means thinking about issue of food, gastronomy or nutrition. In this case, it will be approached from another sense that it has, such as the lifestyle that one can have. Thus, with the help of Humanism it will be part of this life regime with which the most appropriated scenarios can be established to start an intercultural society. Having the previous point, the next thing will be to have and live in a transcultural society. The inter- and trans- emerge into culture both at a conceptual level, as well as in practice itself. So, the inter- and trans- prefixes are relevant for the purpose of this work. Our society is in a scenario that frequently must be studied. The society is not made with a single person, but it takes several to be able to establish and settle, it is so that the globalized world can be influenced by us and vice versa. It is not only talking or thinking about multiculturalism as a variety of cultures that share a space, but also how to solve and deal with them thinking from the cultural differences that every one may have. The main objective of this work is to break down the meaning of the two words mentioned to see their respective application in daily life, seen from the perspective of a diet that supposes a way of life that has roots from the inter- and trans- cultural formation, and to analyze the position and situation in which we find ourselves on a sociocultural context.
The Porblem of Justice in a Different Voice. Carol Gilligan and the Moral Relevance of the Female Experience
This article proposes to analyze the theoretical contributions of Carol Gilligan’s ethics of care that vindicate and incorporate the feminine moral experience in the classical theory of justice. From this analysis, a reflection is made on the need to go beyond a simple opposition between equality and difference to recognize the importance of linking the principles of justice with the search for a subjective télos of human life
The Divine Putrefaction in the Nietzschean Philosophy
The intention of this article is to show the relevance of the death of God in nietzschean philosophy by considering that opens the possibility, for the human being, to configure another way of developing his existence. It is not just a matter of thinking about “divine putrefaction” as a theoretical development, but as a great event from which the human being has the possibility of living away from the values imposed by Christianity. The goal is look at the reach of the death of God and recognizing that Nietzsche is the first “philosopher of danger” to dare to look at the imperative need for human beings to renounce to the idea of God.
Christianity as a Way of Existence. A Phenomenological-Hermeneutic Meditation, based on yhe Philosophy of Kierkegaard
This article aims to make explicit the main essential features of Christianity as a mode of existence, based on the interpretation of Kierkegaard’s writings, with the intention of identifying the condition of possibility of each of them. In methodological terms, these pages are a phenomenological-hermeneutic meditation on what it means to live in Christ, which leads to a transcendental reflection. The importance of the text lies in the intention that originates it: to contribute to the distinction between Christianity and Christendom.
The Voice of an Eloquent Silence by the Hand of Elijah
For this reflection I will use the method applied by the tradition of Latin American theology. At first, I will propose a sociological analysis of the current religious situation that aims to develop a sketch of the religious phenomenon of this time, which some authors have called late modernity or postmodernity. Subsequently, with the help of the biblical theology, I intend to dialogue with the experience of Elijah and his way from the desert to Horeb. And, by the end of this article, to finally offer some references to live our faith as a Church in this new century.
Mystical Anthology of San Juan Diego based on the Nican Mopohua
Based upon the Nican Mopohua’s mariophanic text, the present article develops some exegetical approaches to the mystical experience of the indigenous San Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, visionary of Santa María de Guadalupe, in the manner of florileges or anthologies arising from the contemplation of a sublimated nature. The mystical experience of the seer on the hill of the Tepeyac constitutes an authentic emotional intuition where flowers and thorns, the orchard and the desert are linked —through categories inculturated from the Mesoamerican worldview—, in order to communicate a transcendent and beatific experience.
The Snail of the Heart: A Proposal of Another
This text is the result of an existential search of 50 years of life... Long and abrupt journey in the divine and human planes. It is, in effect, an innovative proposal inspired by the 7 Mansions of the Interior Castle of Santa Teresa de Jesús, but referring to a creature as modest as it is enigmatic: The Snail, glimpsing in it seven rooms or meanders that intertwine the seven human faculties most relevant: sensitivity, feeling, imagination, will, intelligence, memory and spirit, which in a demanding itinerary lead to the deepest center of the human being: The Kingdom of God. For this experience of deep depth and high board, the most support significant is the lyrical poetry in the style of Saint John of the Cross, first on a philosophical level (liberation) and then on a theological level (pleroma, which translates plenitude). The rest is contemplative silence of each person and the action of the Holy Spirit, at the pace of each one, in the light of this precious and precise epigraph of Proverbs.
Perfection, Virtue and Theophany in De Vita Moysis by Gregory of Nisa
This work recovers the central argument of Saint Gregory of Nyssa´s De vita Moysis from the perspective of moral philosophy. First of all, the article links the concepts of moral virtue, perfection and good from a platonic-christian metaphysical vision. Secondly, the author relates the previous metaphysical concepts with the philosophical anthropology of the cappadocian theologian in order to link, finally, with two of the theophanies of Moses and his paradigmatic character.
From analogical hermeneutics to analogical decolonization: Tribute to Mauricio Beuchot
The aim of the following pages is to expose, for a possible debate, the decolonial aspect of analogical hermeneutics, considering not only the inclusion of Mauricio Beuchot's proposal in the so-called epistemologies of the south or decolonial philosophies, at least indicate, the significant contribution that it can make to them. For this purpose, the text is divided into three sections. In the first one I will outline what is meant by epistemologies of the south or decolonial philosophies. In the second, I will expose the functions of analogical hermeneutics, which will show the parallelism that exists between epistemologies and/or philosophies and the Beuchotian proposal. Finally, in the third, I will refer to the singular contribution to reflection with what Beuchot himself has called analog decolonialism.
Copyright (c) 2023 Alejandro Méndez González https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Take advantage of the philosophy of Mauricio Beuchot
We offered a brief mention of the parts that make up the philosophy of Mauricio Beuchot to recover his philosophical anthropology, to refer again to the theory of personality that I propose and to take advantage of it to delve into the hermeneutics of the self in order to advance in proposing historical psychoanalysis, the main thesis presented here. With it I offer a resource for self-analysis for those who wish to advance in the construction of self-knowledge, driven by the most important ethical motivation in our cultural world, highlighted most intensely by postcolonial philosophy: the search for and construction of freedom.
Copyright (c) 2023 Luis Eduardo Primero Rivas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analog Epistemology and Anthropology within the Framework of Poetic Realism
This paper tackles the ontological status of Mauricio Beuchot’s philosophical thought by means of a dialogue between his Analogical Hermeneutics and Maurizio Ferraris’s New Realism. In addition, Beuchot’s epistemological position (moderate realism) is described through the analysis of the rhetorical devices of Analogical Hermeneutics. Finally, the anthropological scope of Analogical Hermeneutics is explored in light of Jean-Luc Marion’s Theory of Saturated Phenomena.
Copyright (c) 2023 Gabriel Astey https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
COVID-19 and the responses to climate change in order to a bioethical culture from the analogical hermeneutics
The disease known as COVID-19 is a true global pandemic, with immediate health consequences and much more serious mediate consequences for justice, economy, society, politics, education, science, technology, etc. This text links the reflection on the importance of this pandemic with the reflection on another phenomenon, prior to the appearance of SarS-CoV-2, although equally serious and delicate, namely climate change. The reflexive articulation around both phenomena is built through an analogical hermeneutics; it allows us to conclude on the need to move towards social structures and dynamics animated by an authentic bioethical culture.
Copyright (c) 2023 José Ángel del Moral Palacio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analog hermeneutics in the sacred conception of nature
The ancient civilizations had great respect and admiration for nature because they conceived it as a sacred living entity. This conception was changing as soon as the human being felt the owner of the land, now it is “something" that can be exploited, so this desacralization brought as a consequence the use and pollution. It can be observed in this sense, that the interpretation of nature has fallen into the interpretative extremes, on the one hand the ancient civilizations conceived it as something magical-sacred and on the other hand, in modernity, as a usable object. Both conceptions are opposed, to build a more mediating, balanced and fair interpretation of nature, which does not generate so many environmental problems, it is essential to conceive it in a proportional sense. Analog hermeneutics will help us to change the extremist interpretation, so we will deal with it below.
Copyright (c) 2023 Diana Alcalá Mendizábal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Some ideas related to the construction of a "jusphilosophy" for the present: analogical legal hermeneutics
In the lines presented here, it is intended to comment on some ideas about the relevance of the epistemic proposal of mexican hermeneutic Mauricio Beuchot Puente —analogical hermeneutics—, in connection with science or knowledge of law and legal philosophy itself. The idea is to establish a dialogue within the theoretical and methodological orientation, as well as in the normative proposals of a positivist and legalistic nature and, on the other hand, in the specific framework of legal relativism. From the end of 19th century to date, there has been a very intense debate between the sociological positivism of Augusto Comte, Herbert Spencer, the so-called Jurisprudence of Concepts, the French Exegetical School and Anglo-Saxon Analytical Jurisprudence, against interpretational tendencies of the German Free-Law Movement, the hermeneutics of Gadamer, Betti and Ricoeur. In this context, the jus-analogical position has enormous importance due to its humanist and alternative presence in the face of univocisms and absolutisms of the different legalism of the postmodernity of law. In short, it is intended to connect analogical hermeneutics with law in order to generate, to the extent possible, some basic assumptions within the framework of the complexity of pandemics, wars and violence that afflicts us at the current moment.
Copyright (c) 2023 Napoleón Conde Gaxiola https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Multiculturalism and human rights. In search of a sustainable cultural pluralism
This article intends to apply the analogic hermeneutics to human rights in a multicultural field. Such rights can be understood in different ways by diverse cultures. And an intercultural dialogue is needed to avoid their interpretation in a similar way, in order to not loose, although the differences, their universal value.
Copyright (c) 2023 Mauricio Beuchot Puente https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Se toma como punto de partida la tipología sugerida por Antonio Caso respecto de las entidades en el universo —cosas, individuos y personas— y sus tres tipos de personas —personas sociales, humanas y divina—. Considerando los aportes de la etología y la primatología contemporáneas de autores como Carl Safina y Frans de Waal, y las reflexiones filosóficas en torno a la libertad moral en los seres humanos desarrolladas por filósofos como el ilustrado escocés Thomas Reid y los pensadores estadounidenses William James y John Rogers Searle, en este artículo se concluye que existen animales —los neurológicamente muy complejos, sobre todo, mamíferos y primates que son los más cercanos parientes genéticos del ser humano— que no deberían considerarse como simples individuos, sino como personas incipientes o protopersonas y que estos animales gozan de una libertad que no es moral, como la humana, sino que es una libertad no moral.
Copyright (c) 2022 Intersticios. Filosofía. Arte, Religión
Schelling y la libertad de no ser. causalidad, libertad y necesidad en la obra Lecciones muniquesas para la historia de la filosofía moderna
En este artículo se hace un análisis de la obra Lecciones muniquesas para la historia de la filosofía moderna del filósofo alemán Friedrich Schelling, resaltando la crítica y las aportaciones que realiza con el pensamiento inmediatamente anterior a él, dirigidos, sobre todo, a la idea de necesidad, libertad y causalidad. La filosofía moderna, afirma Schelling, ha estado gobernada por la idea del argumento ontológico cartesiano, convirtiendo la lógica y la necesidad en el fundamento de todo pensar y actuar, recluyendo a la libertad al ámbito de la ignorancia, extirpándola del sistema o transformándola en mera “emancipación”.
Copyright (c) 2023 Intersticios. Filosofía. Arte, Religión
Filosofía crítica en México. El joven Marx, Adolfo Sánchez Vásquez y el traductor Bolívar Echeverría
En el siguiente artículo, se plantea la relación compleja y divergente entre Bolívar Echeverría y Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, la cual parte de la reconstrucción y arqueología del trabajo de traducción y edición que se hace en Los cuadernos de París. En este contexto, el escrito introduce la obra de Marx, resume los cuadernos y señala que el problema de la mercancía universal, el dinero, está presente de manera decisiva en esos manuscritos, de la misma manera en que se desdoblará en El capital y su teoría del fetichismo mercantil y dinerario.
Estoicismo posmoderno: un camino a la paz y a la justicia
El siguiente ensayo es un breve recorrido de un fenómeno filosófico que, hoy en día, tiene una fuerte visibilidad e impacto en redes sociales: Youtube, Facebook, Instagram e incluso Tik Tok. Surgió en el siglo xxi, en la primera década de 2000 y, en los últimos años, ha adquirido una nueva fuerza y dimensión, a saber, el estoicismo moderno, según sus promotores. El trabajo se plantea una definición mucho más cercana a la descripción mediática e histórica de dicho fenómeno, pues se propone entenderlo y clasificar a este nuevo estoicismo como un fenómeno posmoderno de la cultura popular, virtual y digital. Debido a ese comportamiento masivo y virtual, a diferencia de anteriores brotes del estoicismo en la historia de la filosofía, este nuevo fenómeno es a todas luces una versión simplificada, comercializada y proyectada con el apoyo de la industria del marketing digital que ofrece a los consumidores una vía, un método de reflexión y práctica vital para lograr una conciencia moral, en una puesta en escena virtual. Si bien esta propuesta tiene un sesgo crítico, también es cierto que tiene un sesgo histórico que busca, a modo de archivo, hacer un registro breve de los exponentes y promotores de dicho discurso y práctica, así como exponer sucintamente algunas de sus propuestas más innovadoras que, sin duda, han dado un repunte y un nuevo auge al discurso filosófico, en general. Sus promotores y divulgadores han puesto de moda y en circulación (trending topic) un término ya añejo y han otorgado a la filosofía una nueva oportunidad para instruir a la sociedad y a las masas.